About 75% of the female population of the planet, regardless of age, is faced with such a phenomenon as painful menstruation throughout their lives. In medical circles, this is called algomenorrhea or dysmenorrhea .
The most pronounced pain syndrome is observed on the first - second day of menstruation. The usual localization of pain is above the pubis, with spread to the lumbar spine . Often the accompanying symptoms are:
- nausea;
- sleep disturbance ;
- general malaise;
- headaches .
In some cases, fainting is possible.
Causes of painful periods in adolescents
Algomenorrhea is classified into primary and secondary. Primary algomenorrhea appears in adolescents 1-2 years after the first menstruation and is not a symptom of any serious pathology. This is a functional state, which is explained by uterine contractions and insufficient blood supply to the endometrium. A girl may be completely healthy, but during her period she experiences significant discomfort . In the future, the primary algomenorrhea does not affect the reproductive function .
Contribute to the development of primary algomenorrhea : narrow cervical pharynx, sedentary lifestyle, abnormal position of the uterus , smoking, family history. With age or after childbirth, the intensity of pain is dulled.
Causes of painful periods in women
Secondary algomenorrhea usually occurs in women after 25 years of age. Its clinical manifestations are the same as in primary algomenorrhea , however, they are due to pathologies of the pelvic organs. Most often it is endometriosis , fibroids, adenomyosis . Less common causes of the secondary algomenoree and are ovarian cysts, congestion in the pelvis, tumors. Sometimes painful periods can be provoked by intrauterine devices containing copper.
It happens that secondary algomenorrhea develops after childbirth. This is due to damage to the ligaments that maintained the anatomically correct position of the uterus. When deviating from its physiological border, the organ contracts more strongly, and pain is provoked.
In some cases, a too narrow cervical canal becomes the cause of secondary algomenorrhea as a consequence of conization .
What to do?
To prescribe an effective therapy, an accurate diagnosis is required . To this end, the patient must undergo a gynecological examination, ultrasound of the pelvic organs, pass general blood and urine tests, smears for microflora. P ri optionally walk appointed l aparoskopiya - one of the most accurate methods, since it gives the possibility of direct examination of the reproductive organs.
It should be understood that menstruation is a physiological function that should not negatively affect the general well-being of a woman, depriving her of her ability to work. If you are faced with algomenorrhea , it makes no sense to endure pain for months and years. Refer to a onsultatsiyu to experts MC " Reverence " , is used to treat their patients the most modern and effective methods.
General therapy consists of following the prescribed sleep and rest regimen and following a low-fat diet. The menu includes omega-3 fatty acids, vitamins B1 and E , zinc and magnesium.
Drug therapy involves the use of gestans , oral contraceptives and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, analgesics. Treatment of secondary dysmenorrhea consists in eliminating the root cause of the disease.
As a preventive measure, it is recommended to take easily digestible food during critical days , keep weight under control, do not abuse caffeinated drinks , and avoid stress . Pay attention to sports by choosing exercises that are appropriate for your age and general health. Do not neglect the annual gynecological examinations and, which will help you identify and cure the disease in time.
