Laser treatment of  cervical erosion is now quite widespread and, in fact, has become the method of choice in their treatment. In gynecology, the most widely used as surgical methods are a carbon dioxide laser (CO2 laser), holmium, argon, etc.
The mechanism of CO2 laser action
The specialists of the Bogoliuby Medical Center use a CO2 laser in their work. The mechanism of action of such a laser is that when exposed to tissue, the light energy of the radiation is converted into heat. As a result, fabrics instantly heat up to high temperatures. In this case, the interstitial and intracellular fluid evaporates quickly and intensively, and a zone of coagulation necrosis is formed.
Depending on the degree of heating, the action of a CO2 laser is manifested in the effects of incision or surface evaporation of tissues. The minimum trauma to the surrounding tissues is due to the low penetrating power of the CO2 laser radiation and, consequently, to a smaller (several times in comparison with the electrosurgical method) zone of necrosis.
Due to the peculiarities of the interaction of a CO2 laser with biological tissues - the minimum zone of coagulation necrosis, remote exposure - this type of radiation is widely used in the treatment of benign neoplasms of the cervix.
Indications for use of a CO2 laser :
- pseudo-erosion; ;
- eroded ectropion;
- cervical leukoplakia;
- papillomas of the vulva and perianal area;
- retention cysts of the cervix;
- cicatricial deformities of the cervix;
- endometriosis;
- polyps of the cervical canal.
Despite the wide possibilities of a CO2 laser in the treatment of diseases of the female genital area, this method cannot be considered absolute.
Contraindications to the use of a CO2 laser
There are a number of contraindications to the use of a laser. This includes:
- acute inflammatory diseases of the genital organs;
- malignant neoplasms; ;
- the spread of the pathological process (dysplasia, polyp) above the lower third of the cervical canal, which makes it impossible to observe the laser-coagulation process.
Before treatment of the patient, a clinical and laboratory examination should be carried out, which includes: an anamnesis, examination of the cervix, colposcopy, microflora determination, bacteriological examination and enzyme immunoassay to identify microflora (anaerobes, , chlamydia, mycoplasmas etc.), targeted biopsy.
